The common connection methods of steel structure are welding, riveting, bolt connection (common bolt connection, and high strength bolt connection).
picture1- connecting methods diagram
According to the performance level, bolts are divided into 3.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, and other grades. The bolts of grade 8.8 and above are made of low-carbon alloy steel or medium-carbon steel with heat-treated (quenched and tempered), which are commonly known as high strength bolts. For those bolts bellow grade, 8.8 are generally called common bolts. The numbers before and after the decimal point are respectively expressed as the nominal tensile strength and yield ratio of bolt material.
picture2- performance comparison of bolts in different grade
Common bolts are commonly used hexagonal bolts, stud bolts, anchor bolts, etc., high-strength bolts are divided into torsion shear-type high-strength bolts and large hexagonal high-strength bolts.
According to the force transmission method, bolts are also divided into shearing bolts, tensile bolts, both shearing and tension bolts.
According to calculation and design methods, connection methods of high-strength bolts can be divided into friction-type connection and pressure-type connection.
Bolt arrangement concludes paralleled arrangement and staggered arrangement. The paralleled arrangement is simple, neat, and compact with the use of connecting plate in small size, but the component cross-section is largely weakened. The staggered arrangement is not compact with the use of connecting plate in large size, and the component cross-section is slightly weakened.
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Daniel